Improvement in heating-stoves



2 Sheets-Sheetl. .T. W. BELL. HEATING STOVE. No.183,744. PatentedOct.31, 1876.

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2 Sheets$heet 2.

J. W. BELL. HEATING STOVE.

Patented Oct. 31. 1876.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES W. BELL, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

IMPROVEMENT l-N HEATI NG-STOVES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 183,744, dated October31, 1876 application filed August 5, 1876.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JAMES W. BELL, a residentof the city of St. Louis, State of Missouri, have invented new anduseful Improvements in Heating-Stoves, of which the following .isa full,clear, and exact description, reference being had to the annexeddrawing, making part of this specification, in which Figure 1 is avertical section taken on the line 2 z of Fig. 4; Fig. 2, a plan of thebase of the upper movable section of the stove; Fig. 3, a horizontalsection taken on the line 00 a: of Fig. 1 and looking upward; Fig. 4., ahorizontal section taken on the line 313 of Fig. 1; and Fig. 5 avertical section taken in a plane at right angles to that of Fig. 1.

Similar letters refer to similar parts.

The present invention relates to improvements in that class ofheating-stoves known as base burners; and the aim thereof is mainlytwofold: to furnish means by which that part of the magazine that ismost exposed to the fire, and in consequence soonest worn out, can bereadily and inexpensively renewed; and, secondly, to provide means whichare valuable not only in supplying a larger heating-surface and inenabling. the fuel to be burnt more economically, but also incontrolling and directing the course of the products of combustion awayfrom the magazine, and so as to prevent their escape through themagazine into the apartment, even when the stove is being replenishedwith fuel.

Referring to the annexed drawing, A represents a base-burning stoveembodying my improvements. The lower portion thereof, including the basea, ash-pit b, fire-pot c, and body at is of the usual form. The upperportion, including the drum 0 and magazine f g, in its general outline,is also of the customary shape, but it is made to be removable from thelower portion of the stove, and the magazine is made in two sections, anupper one, f, and a lower one, 9, the line of its division being at thelevel of the top of the body at of the stove. The drum is, preferably,an openwork construction, and is provided with a closed top, 6', and abase-ring, c, which, when the upper portion of the stove is in position,rests upon the body-ring d. The upper sectionf of the magazine, at itsupper end, is

connected with the top 0 of the drum, and at its lower end with thebase-ring e, at the innor edge thereof. If desired, the drum proper eand its top 6 may be dispensed with and the base-ring e be made the solesupport for the upper section of the magazine. I prefer, however, theconstruction as shown. The upper portion h of the space within the drumis inclosed, forming an annular ventilating-chamber. By means ofperforations h h, &c., this chamber h is connected with the upper partof the section f of the magazine, and, by means of a flue, h, (arrangedagainst the magazine and preferably at the rear thereof,)-

with the fire-chamber i below. The magazine is furnished with the usualcover, j, which swings upon a pivot atj. The base-ring e, as shown moredistinctly in Fig. 2, is provided with a series of openings, h h, &e.,extending around the front half thereof, and for the purpose ofadmitting air into the fire-chamber. They can be closed by a suitabledamper, it. There may be the usual opening f into the magazine to admita poker. The upper portion of the stove, as above stated, is made to bedetachable, and to that end the base-ring 0 simply rests upon thebody-ring d. To steady the upper portion, however, in position, suitablebolts or pins l, one or more, are passed through the rings e" and cl, asshown in Figs. 4. and 5. The lower section g of the magazinefi at itsupper end, and extending horizontally outward therefrom, is providedwith lugs g g, &c., and the section is supported in position by means ofthe lugs resting upon a ledge, m, with which the body (1 0r body-ring don its inner side is provided. The spaces between the lugs provideopenings for air to pass down to the fire-chamber.

It is well known that in base-burning stoves the lower end of themagazine Wears out rapidly while the upper portion remains uninjured. Bythe present improvement the advantage is obtained of being able to renewthis lower portion independently of the remainder of the magazine; buthitherto, in repairing the magazine of a base-burner, it has beennecessary to take a large part of the stove apart in order to reach themagazine, involving considerable time and labor. In making the upperportion of the stove detachable this difliculty is almost entirelyremoved, and the operation of the invention as thus far described is asfollows: To reach the magazine, the upper portion of the stove,including the drum and upper part of the magazine, is, after suitablyloosening the bolts 1. either lifted 011' the lower portion or swungaside, as indicated by the dotted linesin Fig. 4. The lower section ycan then be removed at once by simply lifting it from its bearing uponthe ledge m. A new lower section can be dropped into the bearing, andthe stove made ready for use by replacing the drum and the partsconnected with it. The operation, in fact, is capable of being performedso readily as to enable the fire to be maintained in the stovemeanwhile.

The second prominent feature of the invention is what I term acombustion-chamber, B. It is arranged, preferably, at the rear of thestove, and, leading out of the fire-chamber t', extends from the top ofthe fire-pot, or thereabout, upward to about the level of the top of themagazine, and, in cross-section, is about as large as, if not largerthan, the bottom of the magazine. In this manner an extension of thefire-chamber is formed of such size as not merely to provide a largeadditional heating-surface, but also to contain a large amount of heat,so much as to cause it to become much hotter than all that portion ofthe stove with which the magazine is immediately connected. Inconsequence a draft into the chamber B is generated of sufiicientstrength and steadiness to effectually overcome any tendency of theproducts of combustion to pass upward into the magazine, even when themagazine is uncovered, and also to suck down through the flue h, fromthe chamber it, any gas that may have accumulated in the upper part ofthe upper section of the magazine. The chamber B is provided withperforations n, for the admission of air. It is also furnished withdampers o 0, at either side toward its upper end, for the purpose ofregulating the draft. The usual exit-pipe p is attached to the chamber Bat its upper end.

It will be noticed that there is an entire absence of any damper, orother construction, at the point where the chamber B leads out of thechamber 6, and also throughout the chamber B. In consequence, noobstacle is interposed in the course of the products of combustion, andthere is no tendency of soot to accumulate at any point and clog thedraft. The opening into the combustion-chamber being large, the fireescapes easily into it without being forced, and, by reason of the largecapacity of the combustion-chamber, the products of combustion haveopportunity for being thoroughly consumed before reaching the finalexit.

What I claim is- 1. The combination, in a base-burning stove, of theupper section f of the magazine, the base-ring e, body-ring at, lowersection g, lugs g g, and ledge m, substantially as shown and specified.

2. The combination of the section f and base-ring 6', having theopenings 70 k, and damper k, substantially as described.

3. The combination of thesection f, drum 0, top 0, and base-ring e,substantially as described.

4. The combination of the section f, having the perforations lwh, &c.,drum 0, top 6, basering 6, chamber h, and flue 11/, substantially asdescribed.

5. The combination of the section f, having the perforations h h, &c.,chamber 71., flue h", base-ring c, section g, lugs g g, and chamber i,substantially as shown and specified.

6. The combination of the chamber B, chamber i, magazine f g, having theperforations h h, &c., chamber h, and flue h, substantially as shown andspecified.

7. The combination of the magazine f g, base-ring 0, having the openingsk k, chamber 12, and chamber B, for the purpose of inducing a flow ofcooler air into the stove and against the magazine.

8. In a base-burning stove, a combustionchamber, B, having theperforations a, substantially as shown and specified.

9. In a base-burning stove, a combustionchamber, B, extending upward tothe level of the top of the magazine, or thereabout, and whosecross-sectional area is equal, or nearly so, to that of the magazine,for the purpose of containing heat at the proper level, and insufficient amount to insure a draft from the magazine into the saidchamber.

10. In a base-burning stove, the combination of the upper section f ofthe magazine, base-ring, e, and body-ring d, as and for the purpose ofenabling the upper section of the magazine to be removed by swinging ithorizontally aside, substantially as described and shown.

JAS. W. BELL.

Witnesses:

CHAS. D. MOODY, DANL. T. POTTER.

